JPEG 2000 Spawns 3D Medical Imaging, Digital Video Applications
December 8, 2005
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The Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) advanced the
JPEG 2000 suite of standards for potential applications in medical imaging, digital movie distribution and library science. Several aspects of JPEG 2000, which comprises a platform for network-enabled imaging with JP2 files as a general imaging format, were addressed.
JPEG ratified Amendment 1 to ISO 15444-1:2004 (the JPEG 2000 standard), featuring two profiles for digital cinema applications. The profiles feature scalable support of high-quality 2K and 4K motion imagery.
The JPEG 2000 Multi-layer (JPM) standard is Part 6 of JPEG 2000, a file format for document images incorporating multiple layered compression formats. The JPM ad hoc group continued work on Amendment 1 to incorporate a method for including Hidden Text XML data (HTX) to store OCR results in a JPM file.
The JPEG 2000 Secured (JPSEC) standard addresses security and media compression in a single specification, allowing protected images to retain all the JPEG 2000 system features such as scalability, JPEG 2000 Interactive Protocol (JPIP) network browsing, simple transcodability and progression to lossless compression. JPSEC offers secure global distribution and e-commerce for digital images, allowing storage of partially or fully encrypted content, while retaining the ability to adaptively deliver content for various devices with different display capabilities.
The JPSEC ad hoc group for Part 8 of the JPEG 2000 standard launched an effort to extend the JPSEC tools and techniques to the JPEG 2000 file format level and a new compliance effort. JPSEC intends to reach final draft international standard status in November 2006 and plans to release a working draft of the JPSEC file format extension.
The JPIP standard allows network access to JPEG 2000 images and their metadata in a way that exploits the best features of the JPEG 2000 standard. The standard is finalized as Part 9 of JPEG 2000 and interoperability testing is being defined. The JPIP ad hoc group continues to call for interested parties to participate in interoperability testing of implementations of JPIP clients and servers.
The JP3D ad hoc group working on extension of JPEG 2000 to three-dimensional images such as computer tomography (CT) scans or scientific simulations stepped up its activities. Part 10 of JPEG 2000 is at the working draft level and the group is looking for input to assist in defining basic and advanced profiles, especially from the medical imaging community. Working Draft v5.2 of JP3D was released with all relevant marker segments defined. The JP3D group is looking for candidates to produce reference software. The Vrije Universiteit Brussel-IBBT will produce reference software based on the working draft. In collaboration with Part 9 - JPIP, the procedure for a new amendment covering JPIP support for JPEG 2000 extensions (JP3D, JPWL, and JPSEC) was launched.
The JPWL standard supports wireless applications of JPEG 2000 and its ad hoc group is working on reference software and compliance testing issues. JPEG 2000 Part 11, Wireless - JPWL is a final draft international standard. JPWL has standardized tools and methods for the efficient transmission of JPEG 2000 imagery over an error-prone wireless system. More specifically, JPWL extends the elements in the core coding system described in Part 1 with mechanisms for error protection and correction. These extensions can be used in bit error or packet loss contexts and they are backwards compatible in the sense that decoders that implement Part 1 can skip the extensions defined in JPWL.
JPEG 2000 Part 13, which defines a royalty- and license-fee free entry-level JPEG 2000 encoder with widespread applications, is at committee draft stage. A call to WG1 members and others to reconfirm their Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) statements was issued. The library and archive community expressed support for JPEG 2000.
Early work on JPSearch (ISO 24800 - Still Image Search) continued. This effort aims to develop a standard framework for searching large collections of images by a variety of criteria. The JPSearch specifications will provide a core set of technologies and address issues of image metadata so that users can create interoperable image search systems. JPSearch will be a multi-part standard. Part 1 will be a technical report with two purposes:
- To provide the JPEG user community with a clear understanding of the entire image retrieval process.
- To identify the components involved in such a search process, the linkages between them and which of these components and links should be standardized in JPSearch.
The DICOM medical imaging standard finalized Supplement 105, dealing with the inclusion of multi-component transformations in Part 2 of JPEG 2000 as a new transfer syntax for the compression of volumetric (three-dimensional) medical imagery. Supplement 106 is out for public comment. This includes JPIP as a protocol for remote browsing of medical images compressed using JPEG 2000.
According to a JPEG Group convener, the Open Geospatial Consortium demonstrated that geographical metadata in the form of the new Geography Markup Language (GML) may be linked into JPEG 2000 coded images.
For more information, visit the JPEG web site.
Source: International Organization for Standardization (ISO).